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Science Activity -- "The needle-proof balloon"

This simple and effective activity explores the chemistry of balloons and is for children six and up.  Cautionchoking hazard -- keep balloons out of reach of children five and under.

Materials needed:
One standard sized balloon
One needle or pin
Liquid soap

.Instructions

1. Inflate a balloon to a normal level (do not make it too full or taut) and tie it off.

Step 1

2. Take a pin or needle and rub some liquid soap on it. Make sure you get some along the sides of the point.

Step 2

3. Gently push the needle into the top of the balloon. What happened?

Step 3

4. Now gently push the needle into the side of the balloon. What happened?


Step 4


How does it work?
The rubber in a balloon is made up of many long molecules that are all chemically linked together. You might picture it as spaghetti. Like spaghetti, the links between the molecules can stretch and move. Also like spaghetti, if you stretch the molecular bonds too far, they will break.

If you look at the top of an inflated balloon you will notice it is thicker (darker) than the sides. By putting the needle in the top the balloons molecules were able to stretch and accommodate the needle. However, when you put it in the thin side, there were not enough balloon molecules to stretch that far -- and they broke apart from each other.

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Try this:
Is it possible to push the needle through the side of a balloon without it popping?

First put a piece of clear tape on the side of the balloon and then push the needle through where the tape is. Why didn't it pop?

The tape helped to keep the integrity of the balloons molecular structure so that it would not pull apart.

 
 
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